Historical links between toxinology and immunology
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Historical, New, and Reemerging Links between Human and Animal Health
have been transmitted from domesticated and wild animals to humans for thousands of years (1). In the last 5 years, infectious diseases such as West Nile virus infection and monkeypox have appeared in North America, and severe acute respiratory syndrome and avian influenza have emerged on a global scale. We learn from each new event, and we hope that we will be sufficiently prepared to prevent,...
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15 صفحه اولImmunology and Homeopathy. 1. Historical Background
Homeopathy was born as an experimental discipline, as can be seen from the enormous amount of homeopathic data collected over more than two centuries. However, the medical tradition of homeopathy has been separated from that of conventional science for a long time. Conventional scientific wisdom dictates that homeopathy should have no effect above placebo but experiments on ultra-high dilutions...
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1. Ecological immunology and disease ecology are two relatively young disciplines that apply ecological approaches and principles to traditionally non-ecological fields. In both cases, an ecological perspective has allowed new insights to emerge by focusing attention on variation over space and time, and by emphasizing the role of the environment in shaping individual responses and the outcome ...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Pathogens and Disease
سال: 2018
ISSN: 2049-632X
DOI: 10.1093/femspd/fty019